Memory

The science of the earworm

Why songs get stuck on loop, why it's almost always the chorus, and the oddly effective trick for evicting one.

Issue No. 13 May 14, 2026

An earworm — that song fragment looping in your head — has a wonderfully nerdy real name: an involuntary musical image. And it’s almost never the whole song. It’s a short, catchy, slightly-too-simple hook, usually the chorus.

One leading idea is that your memory hates an unfinished loop. A catchy phrase that doesn’t fully resolve leaves a little open circuit, and your brain keeps re-running it trying to close it. Which points at the strangely effective fix: finish the song. Listening to it all the way through can let the loop finally complete — or chew some gum, which occupies the same mental machinery.

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